The concept of "BIM dimensions" refers to the different categories or layers of information that can be integrated into the BIM model.
The most common dimensions are:
- 3D BIM: This is the foundational aspect representing the 3D geometric model of the physical asset with spatial data like dimensions, shapes, and locations of components.
- 4D BIM: The fourth dimension incorporates scheduling and timeline information, enabling visualization of construction sequencing and project phasing over time.
- 5D BIM: The fifth dimension links cost and financial data to the model elements, allowing for detailed cost estimation, budgeting, and value engineering analysis.
Rather than using vague terms like 6D or 7D BIM, it is more practical to clearly specify the exact information requirements needed, such as sustainability data, facility management data, safety information and so on.
The key is that each "dimension" does not represent a physical dimension, but rather indicates a particular data category that enriches the intelligent BIM model to support better analysis, coordination and decision-making throughout the asset's lifecycle.
By consolidating relevant multidisciplinary information like 3D geometry, scheduling, costs and other user-defined data sets, BIM provides a data-rich digital representation that adds significant value compared to traditional 2D documentation methods.
